2 Types of transport: Active Transport and Passive Transport
Passive Transport Does not require energy! Moves with the concentration gradient (high to low). (Concentration gradient means that there is a difference in concentration levels across a membrane.) 1. Diffusion - particles moving from high concentration to low concentration, until all particles are spaced evenly (Equilibrium) 2. Facilitated Diffusion - moving large or charged particles through a protein channel from high concentration to low concentration. (Diffusion with help.) 3. Osmosis - moving water from high concentration to low concentration
Active Transport Must have energy! Moves against the concentration gradient (low to high). (Concentration gradient means that there is a difference in concentration levels across a membrane.) 1. Protein Pumps - using energy and a protein to pump particles from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration 2. Endocytosis - Cell eating, cell membrane engulfs bulky material to bring it into the cell. 3. Excocytosis - Cell is pushing materials out
Types of Osmosis 1. Hypertonic Solution - Higher solute concentration outside the cell, which means less water outside the cell, which means water will move to the outside, high to low, and the cell with shrink 2. Hypotonic Solution - Lower solute concentration outside of the cell, which means more room for water, which means water will move into the cell, high to low, and the cell with swell then burst. 3. Isotonic Solution - Equal amount of solute inside and outside of the cell. The water will move in and out equally. The cell will stay the same.
Practice Test for Cellular Transport -Student login -Room Name: HYNEMANBIO -Enter your full name -Start test
Practice Problems
1. Which type of transport moves water from high concentration to low concentration?
2. Which type of transport needs energy to move molecules from low concentration to high concentration?
3. Which transport moves particles with the concentration gradient?
4. What is it called when all particles are spaced out evenly?
5. What will happen to a cell placed in a hypertonic solution?
6. What will happen to a cell with 76% salt concentration, if it is placed in pure water?
7. If the inside of a cell has 65% salt concentration, how much water does it have?
8. If a cell with 52% water is placed in a solution with 58% water concentration, where will the water move? (inside, outside, equal both ways.)